Biodiversidade da vegetação de Mata Atlântica na trilha do rio Paraibuna – Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar

The Atlantic Forest wealth an cherish of animal and plant species, and have the high test levels of biodiversity on the plant. We aimed to characterize the floristic composition of the arboreous vegetation of the Atlantic Forest in Rio Paraibuna belonging Core Cunha to the State Park of Mountain Range Sea. 10 plots were marked with size of 25 m² each and recorded all woody tree species with DBH greater than or equal 5 cm. In the survey of native tree species were sampled 90 live individuals distributed in 19 botanical families, 26 genres and 28 species identified, with a diameter class in the standard of native forests. The family with bigger abundance faugh Myrtaceae and species Cyathea delgadii e Nectandra lanceolata individuals with bigger numbers. The sucession group was more representatives were secondary species, in dispersal syndrome the seeds with abundance was the zoochorous with  60% and provided diversity index 3.01. Studies of this nature are of great importance when dealing with the Atlantic Forest biome, in order to form theoretical basis to support any initiatives at the protection, restoration and recovery of other areas with similar characteristics in serve as model.A Mata Atlântica abriga uma riqueza de espécies animais e vegetais, e contam com altos índices de biodiversidade do planeta. Este trabalho teve por objetivo a caracterização florística da vegetação arbórea de Mata Atlântica na Trilha do Rio Paraibuna pertencente ao Núcleo Cunha do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar. Foram marcadas 10 parcelas com dimensão de 25 m² cada uma e registradas todas as espécies arbóreas lenhosas com DAP maior ou igual a 5 cm. No levantamento das espécies arbóreas nativas foram amostrados 90 indivíduos vivos distribuídos em 19 famílias botânicas, 26 gêneros e 28 espécies identificadas, apresentando a classe diamétrica no padrão de florestas nativas. A família com maior abundância foi a Myrtaceae e as espécies Cyathea delgadii e Nectandra lanceolata com maior número de indivíduos. O grupo sucessional mais representativo foi as espécies secundárias, na síndrome de dispersão das sementes com maior abundância foi a zoocoria com 60% e proporcionou índice de diversidade de 3,01. Estudos dessa natureza são de grande importância se tratando do bioma Mata Atlântica, formando bases teóricas para subsidiar quaisquer iniciativas voltadas para a proteção, restauração e recuperação de outras áreas com características semelhantes, servindo como modelo

Surface tension implementation for Gensmac 2D

In the present work we describe a method which allows the incorporation of surface tension into the GENSMAC2D code. This is achieved on two scales. First on the scale of a cell, the surface tension effects are incorporated into the free surface boundary conditions through the computation of the capillary pressure. The required curvature is estimated by fitting a least square circle to the free surface using the tracking particles in the cell and in its close neighbors. On a sub-cell scale, short wavelength perturbations are filtered out using a local 4-point stencil which is mass conservative. An efficient implementation is obtained through a dual representation of the cell data, using both a matrix representation, for ease at identifying neighbouring cells, and also a tree data structure, which permits the representation of specific groups of cells with additional information pertaining to that group. The resulting code is shown to be robust, and to produce accurate results when compared with exact solutions of selected fluid dynamic problems involving surface tension

Providing Self-Aware Systems with Reflexivity

We propose a new type of self-aware systems inspired by ideas from higher-order theories of consciousness. First, we discussed the crucial distinction between introspection and reflexion. Then, we focus on computational reflexion as a mechanism by which a computer program can inspect its own code at every stage of the computation. Finally, we provide a formal definition and a proof-of-concept implementation of computational reflexion, viewed as an enriched form of program interpretation and a way to dynamically "augment" a computational process.Comment: 12 pages plus bibliography, appendices with code description, code of the proof-of-concept implementation, and examples of executio

Validación psicométrica del instrumento audio guiado rBVQ para la evaluación del bullying

The revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (rBVQ) is an internationally used instrument to identify bullying, but due to Brazilian students’ low proficiency in reading and writing, it had to be adapted for audio-guided use through smartphones. We investigated construct validity, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), under a two-correlated factor solution. Participated 1,742 fifth graders and 2,316 seventh graders from 30 public schools in the city of São Paulo. We found excellent fit indices models for both grades (fifth grade: CFI=0.985, RMSEA=0.020; seventh grade: CFI=0.990, RMSEA=0.015), as well as factor loading higher than 0.4 for all items, indicating their relevance to the construct. The rBVQ demonstrated excellent psychometric properties and may help future studies that aim to investigate bullying in populations with similar profiles. In addition, this study innovates by evaluating an audio-guided instrument and using mobile technology.El Cuestionario Revisado de Bullying de Olweus (rBVQ) es un instrumento utilizado internacionalmente para identificar bullying, pero debido a las dificultades de estudiantes brasileños en la lectura y la escritura, se ha adaptado su uso por medio de audioguías en smartphones. Se investigó la validez del constructo mediante el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, bajo un modelo de dos factores. Participaron 1742 y 2316 estudiantes de quinto y séptimo curso de 30 escuelas públicas de São Paulo. Excelentes tasas de adecuación fueron encontradas para ambos casos (quinto año: CFI=0,985, RMSEA=0,020; séptimo año: CFI=0,990, RMSEA=0,015), además de cargas factoriales superiores a 0,4 para todos los ítems, lo que indica su relevancia para el constructo. El instrumento rBVQ ha presentado excelentes propiedades psicométricas y puede ayudar a futuros estudios pretendan investigar el bullying en poblaciones con perfiles similares. Además, este estudio innova al evaluar un instrumento guiado por audio, empleando la tecnología móvil.publishedVersio

Effects of plant stimulants and growth regulators in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Em condições de casa de vegetação, testou-se os efeitos dos estimulantes e reguladores vegetais Cytozyme, Respond, Figaron e Multiprop no desenvolvimento de plantas do pepino 'Hibrido Caipira AG-207'. Tais produtos foram pulverizados em plântulas de 10 dias e apresentando em média 5 cm de altura. Durante 40 dias, foram efetuadas mensurações da altura das plantas e acompanhamento do peso da matéria seca das mesmas. Plantas tratadas com Multiprop e Figaron atrasaram seu desenvolvimento reprodutivo. Multiprop, Figaron e Cytozyme, nas concentrações utilizadas, reduziram a altura e o peso da matéria seca do pepino; sendo que Respond não afetou o desenvolvimento do cultivar estudado.This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of Cytozyme (5 ml/l), Respond (6.7 ml/l), Figaron (0.15 ml/l) and Multiprop (1 ml/l) on growth of Cucumis sativus cv. Híbrido Caipira AG-207. Cucumber plants were sprayed 10 days after germination, under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that Multiprop and Figaron delayed the flowering of the plants. Multiprop, Figaron and Cytozyme, at concentrations applied, reduced the height and dry matter production in relation to check. Respond not affected the growth of cucumber plants

Calpeptin is a potent cathepsin inhibitor and drug candidate for SARS-CoV-2 infections

Several drug screening campaigns identified Calpeptin as a drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2. Initially reported to target the viral main protease (Mpro), its moderate activity in Mpro inhibition assays hints at a second target. Indeed, we show that Calpeptin is an extremely potent cysteine cathepsin inhibitor, a finding additionally supported by X-ray crystallography. Cell infection assays proved Calpeptin’s efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected Golden Syrian hamsters with sulfonated Calpeptin at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight reduces the viral load in the trachea. Despite a higher risk of side effects, an intrinsic advantage in targeting host proteins is their mutational stability in contrast to highly mutable viral targets. Here we show that the inhibition of cathepsins, a protein family of the host organism, by calpeptin is a promising approach for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other viral infections

Expanding tropical forest monitoring into Dry Forests: The DRYFLOR protocol for permanent plots

This is the final version. Available on open access from Wiley via the DOI in this recordSocietal Impact Statement Understanding of tropical forests has been revolutionized by monitoring in permanent plots. Data from global plot networks have transformed our knowledge of forests’ diversity, function, contribution to global biogeochemical cycles, and sensitivity to climate change. Monitoring has thus far been concentrated in rain forests. Despite increasing appreciation of their threatened status, biodiversity, and importance to the global carbon cycle, monitoring in tropical dry forests is still in its infancy. We provide a protocol for permanent monitoring plots in tropical dry forests. Expanding monitoring into dry biomes is critical for overcoming the linked challenges of climate change, land use change, and the biodiversity crisis.Newton FundNatural Environment Research Council (NERC)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloCYTE